Unit 33 Assignment 1 - Written

There are many different principles of animation. For example, time, time in an animation is very important. If the animation is jerky they haven't followed the principle of time. The more frames per second you use the smoother animation you get, making it more believable.

The principle of gravity, you have to think that about the things that fall. When someone gets hit by something you have to show them falling at the rate that that person/thing gets hit by that thing. Sometimes people don't follow the principle of animation for humour purposes.

Overlapping and follow through. Followthrough means that when a part of your body moves, the other part of it continues. For example when you move your arm the hand continues to move even after the elbow stops moving. This makes it look more realistic. The movements look less ridged. Overlapping means that the different body parts will move at a different rate to eachother. So for example if you're walking at a slow rate the arms could be moving at a quicker rate.

Arcs and poses. The animation needs to follow the principle of arcs. The arcs show that movements don't usually go in a straight line. They go in curves or arcs and this helps people see it as more realistic. Poses are what the models look like when they're not moving. Poses are very important in animations. They help show what the character is feeling so you can better understand the story.

The principle of Anticipation. This is another principle that helps the animation look more realistic. For example when a character wants to jump they have to bend their knees first. This to help the audience know that something is going follow that action.


Phenakisttoscope (Made in 1832)

Zoetrope (Made in 1833)

Praxinoscope (Made in 1876)

Willis H. O’Brien (Born in 1886)

Kinetoscope (Developed in 1889)

Ray Harryhousen (Born in 1920)

Lee Hardcastle (Born in 1985)

Made in: 1933
Made by: David O. Selznick
Target Audience: Aimed at Men who like Horror/Action/Adventure films. Probably aged 20+
King Kong

Made in: 1951

Made by: Wah Chang

Target Audience: Aimed at young females who enjoy fantasy. I can tell this because of the fact that it's got a fairy in it.
Suzy Snowflake

Made in: 1980

Made by: David Allen

Target Audience: Young children/Teenagers

Aardman Animations (Founded in 1972)

Made in: 1990

Made by: Fsomsen

Target Audience: Young children (Typically boys but could also be girls) who enjoy action. (Aged 10+ probably)

Made in: 1986

Made by: Will Vinton

Target Audience: This is targeted for Children because it's very cartoon style type and it has colourful type objects in it. Though the second half of it turns quite weird and like horror type.

Animator 3D (Developed in early 2000's)

Zu3d (Developed in early 2000's)

Dragonframe (Developed in 2010)

Made in: 2010
Made by: Joe Penna
Target Audience: Any gender, probably young. Young because it's uploaded to Youtube and any gender because there's not really anything to specify that it could be for a certain gender. Both Female and Male could like this.
T-shirt War

Made in: 2011

Made by: Steven Briand

Target Audience: The target audience for this I imagine would be Males due to the fighting like style shown throughout the animation. I'd say that it's aimed at young/middle aged mainly because of the content. I's about a fictional entity that he's fighting. Young men are usually interested in fictional 'monsters' 

Frictions

Made in: 2012
Made by: Alona Korakin

Target Audience: The target audience of this video are people who are fans of train, I think this video is aimed mostly at girls because of the general lovey dovey type nature of the video. It's stereotypically known that women are more into romantic type films.
Drive by - Train


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Example 1 :

Principles of animation examples:

At (00:20-00:23) the principle of follow through is used. You can see quite clearly that his arm moves up to his face and when his elbow/arm stops moving his hand continues to move. This makes the animation seem more realistic. Movement is always happening on screen.

At (00:25-0:33) the principle of poses is used. When the fan knocks off the Jenga block even though their bodies are quite still their faces still move into different expressions. This helps give more to the audience. They can see the emotions of the characters.

Also at (00:25-00:33) you can see the principle of gravity not being followed. When the t-shirt spins the Jenga block on the other guys shirt falls down. Normally this wouldn't happened (because it's just a shirt) but for comedic effect they acted as though the shirt had wind power, even though it's physically impossible.

                          

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Example 2:

Principles of animation examples: 

The principle of time throughout this whole animation isn't used very well. For example the animation throughout is quite jerky it doesn't run smoothly. This makes the animation less realistic. 

At (1:14 - 1:24) is where this shows best. It's just not really that great of an animation, it's movements are very sudden and skippy. 

Overlapping has been used very well in this animation. (1:18 - 1:24) The arms and legs on the dinosaur move quickly when it's been shot whilst the body side to side slowly and the head moves slowly as well. This makes the animation look more realistic and the clay models show human characteristics. 

Example 3:

Principles of animation examples: 

The Principle of anticipation is used a lot in this animation. At (1:34 - 1:51) there's a bit where he bends forward and then pauses for a bit. If he didn't bend forward we would't of know that something big was about to happen. This creates tension when he holds the bent forward pose for a while. 

The principle of arcs is used all throughout this animation. The man in this animation doesn't move rigidly. We can see this mainly at (00:39:00:43) This makes the animation look more realistic and it runs smooth and keeps the man looking/acting human like. 

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Stop motion animation has developed a lot through time. This is to be expected as technology has developed a lot through time as well. We can now do things in colour and higher quality. In the live action stop motion animation "Equinox - Stop Motion effects" and then comparing it to the other live action stop motion animation "T-shirt war" The Equinox was made in 1980 whilst the T-Shirt war was made in 2010. You can clearly see a massive production improvement in the two. For example in the first one the animation is very grainy and low quality. The realism of the whole animation isn't great, it doesn't follow a lot of the principles of animation. Their arms don't move in arcs, the clay models are stiff. When the models aren't moving their poses don't change. Looking at the T-Shirt war they follow the principle of arcs and poses really well. Their poses change a lot when they're not moving. People understand more that we need to see the characters facial expressions as well as their movements so we can see how they're feeling. 

Different types of stop motion animation may be suited to different types of genre and audiences than others. For example we can see that most claymation stop motion animations are aimed at Children. This is because claymation looks friendly and the whole animation style looks childlike. There are many different types of claymation animations that are aimed at kids. Bill and Ben the flowerpot men  is aimed at kids: 

We can see this by the bright colours and the squeaky voices they have. Also the overall style of it is very childlike, it works very well. If they had used actors in costumes stop motion style it wouldn't of had the same effect.

Claymation is usually used for comedic effect, this brings us onto why I know that live-action type stop motion animation would be better used for a more serious type of action sequence. That's not intending to be funny. For example in 'equinox' it's quite an artistic, serious animation. Using bits of stop motion, if this animation was claymation it wouldn't of been able to portray the serious, artistic story that it's trying to portray. It would seem quite childish and wouldn't appeal to people older than 13 probably not at all.